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📦 归档：唐磊输出的环路车检器 KiCad 工程统一移入 pcb/ 目录

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<ns0:text x="20" y="34" style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: 650; fill: #172033">环路车检器 · 检测方法对比与选型推荐</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="20" y="56" style="font-size: 12px; fill: #5b6475">选型核心：灵敏度（能否测摩托/自行车）× 抗干扰（变频器/电力谐波）× 成本。结论先行：主推 ①LC振荡+频率计数；复杂电磁环境上 ④；高灵敏需求上 ②。</ns0:text>
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<ns0:rect x="24" y="80" width="288" height="440" rx="10" fill="none" style="stroke: #16a34a; stroke-width: 2.5; fill: none" />
<ns0:rect x="24" y="80" width="288" height="36" rx="10" fill="#16a34a" style="fill: #16a34a" />
<ns0:text x="168" y="104" text-anchor="middle" fill="#fff" font-size="14" font-weight="700" style="fill: #fff">① LC振荡 + 频率计数 ★★★★★</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="140" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">原理</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="158" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">车辆进入 → 线圈等效电感↓ →</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="174" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">振荡频率↑ → MCU 定时器测频/测周期</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="202" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">灵敏度</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="220" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">★★★☆ 轿车/SUV 稳定；调阈值可测摩托</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="248" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">抗干扰</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="266" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">★★★ 配自适应阈值 + 频偏跟踪</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="294" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">成本</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="312" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">低（MCU + 三极管/比较器即可）</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="340" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">适用</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="358" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">主流道闸/停车场/流量计数，市场 90%</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="396" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">要点</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="414" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">周期法优于计数法：低速/停留不丢车</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="430" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">回差阈值防抖动；基准慢速自适应抗温漂</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="40" y="470" fill="#16a34a" font-weight="700" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #16a34a">✅ 推荐主方案：成熟、稳定、成本最优</ns0:text>
<ns0:rect x="326" y="80" width="288" height="440" rx="10" style="stroke: #64748b; stroke-width: 1; fill: #e2e8f0" />
<ns0:text x="470" y="104" text-anchor="middle" style="font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; fill: #172033">② PLL 锁相 / 相位比较 ★★★★</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="140" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">原理</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="158" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">PLL 锁定振荡信号，车辆引起</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="174" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">相位/频率误差 → 输出误差电压</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="202" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">灵敏度</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="220" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">★★★★★ 可测自行车/电动车/行人拖车</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="248" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">抗干扰</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="266" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">★★★ 环路锁定本身有滤波作用</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="294" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">成本</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="312" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">中（PLL IC 或 MCU 内置 PLL 外设）</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="340" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">适用</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="358" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">混行车道、ETC 车道、摩托车检测</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="396" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">要点</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="414" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">环路带宽要窄：抗抖但响应慢，需折中</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="430" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">适合与 ① 组合做双通道校验</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="342" y="470" fill="#0f766e" font-weight="700" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #0f766e">✅ 高灵敏场景备选</ns0:text>
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<ns0:text x="772" y="104" text-anchor="middle" style="font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; fill: #172033">③ 电桥阻抗检测 ★★</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="140" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">原理</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="158" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">环路与参考臂构成平衡电桥，</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="174" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">车辆使阻抗失衡 → 输出失调电压</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="202" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">灵敏度</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="220" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">★★ 中低，依赖桥臂匹配精度</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="248" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">抗干扰</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="266" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">★★ 温漂/老化使零位漂移严重</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="294" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">成本</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="312" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">低（纯模拟）</ns0:text>
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<ns0:text x="644" y="358" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">早期产品 / 教学演示</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="396" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">要点</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="414" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">需定期人工调零，现场维护成本高</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="644" y="470" fill="#991b1b" font-weight="700" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #991b1b">⚠️ 不推荐量产</ns0:text>
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<ns0:text x="1074" y="104" text-anchor="middle" style="font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; fill: #172033">④ 多频扫频 + 自适应调谐 ★★★★</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="140" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">原理</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="158" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">DDS/扫频实时搜索谐振点，</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="174" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">自动调谐避开干扰频段（变频器/谐波）</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="202" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">灵敏度</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="220" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">★★★★ 扫频带宽内全频段可调</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="248" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">抗干扰</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="266" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">★★★★★ 变频器干扰场景的终极解</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="294" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">成本</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="312" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">高（DDS/高精度 ADC + 算法）</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="340" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">适用</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="358" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">工业区/充电桩/变频器密集场所</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="396" font-size="12.5" font-weight="600">要点</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="414" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">与 ① 兼容：频率计数做粗判，</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="430" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #5b6475">扫频谱特征做细判与干扰识别</ns0:text>
<ns0:text x="946" y="470" fill="#0f766e" font-weight="700" style="font-size: 11px; fill: #0f766e">✅ 复杂电磁环境旗舰方案</ns0:text>
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